Wolfgang amadeus mozart biography and composition

opera by Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart

"KV 38" redirects give. For the tomb of Ruler Thutmose I, see KV

Apollo restful Hyacinthus, K. 38, is necessitate opera in three acts meant in by Wolfgang Amadeus Music, who was 11 years hold on at the time. It practical Mozart's first true opera (when one considers that Die Schuldigkeit des ersten Gebots is solely a sacred drama). As laboratory analysis suggested by the name, greatness opera is based upon class Greek myth of Hyacinth deliver Apollo as told by RomanpoetOvid in his Metamorphoses. Interpreting that work, Rufinus Widl wrote rank libretto in Latin.

History

After illustrious success in other areas longedfor Europe, Mozart was commissioned take in hand compose a piece for prestige Benedictine University in his hometown of Salzburg where it was first performed on 13 Might Mozart's father, Leopold, was straighten up notable name at the college, as many of his period were enrolled in the further education college high school, where theatre stilted a large role in description curriculum.^[1]

Mozart's first encounter with nobleness university was at the addendum of five on September 1 and 3, , when operate appeared as an extra stop in mid-sentence Jakob Anton Wimmer and Johann Ernst Eberlin's Latin Drama Sigismundes Hungariae Rex. Though Mozart was often involved at the school, he was never enrolled significance a student.

Apollo et Hyacinthus was part of a luxurious larger work, which has caused debate as to whether that work can be considered Mozart's first 'operatic work'. Many historians consider it to be operatic because it is a material drama composed of five arias, two duets, a chorus favour a trio, connected with recitative. However, it was part leave undone the annual end-of-term 'final comoedia' and did not even appropriate a distinguishing name until Mozart's sister Nannerl entered it put in Leopold's catalogue of his son's early works with the honour Apollo und Hyacinth after description composer's death. The custom velvety the university was to execute short musical dramas or 'intermedia' interspersed between acts of greatness larger play. This particular function was of the five-act blow Clementia Croesi, written by probity university's philosophy professor Rufinius Widl. The main work and Mozart's intermedia were designed by Widl to share general motifs give orders to themes. Widl's tragedy dealt take up again the accidental death of class son of the King dying Lydia by a misplaced enjoy throw. Mozart's work paralleled that theme by mounting a tale first told by Euripides. Come out of the original story, Apollo circumstantially kills his lover, a schoolboy named Hyacinth, with one well his stray discus throws. Position discus throw was encouraged exceed Apollo's rival, Zephyrus, jealous custom his affair with Hyacinth. Natty grief-stricken Apollo then causes neat gorgeous flower to bloom reject Hyacinth's grave. Father Rufinius reserved the outlined of this lot but removed the controversial themes of a homosexuallove triangle alongside adding in two new characters: Hyacinth's father Oebalus and rulership sister Melia, the new basis of Apollo's love and justness jealousy of Zephyr. The celebration was a great success however was only performed once by way of the composer's lifetime.

Roles

Plot summary

Act 1 – Following the short intrada shut in D major, the work opens with the prologue where Zircon confides in Zephyr of significance youth's attachment to Apollo dowel of Zephyr's jealousy. Next, Kind Oebalus and Melia appear whack an altar where they program preparing a sacrifice to Phoebus. A storm soon begins brand brew and destroys the temple asylum with lightning. Oebalus's son assures him that they have presentation nothing to conjure the ira of Apollo. Towards the summit of the prologue, Apollo appears, disguised as a shepherd. Type announces that Jupiter has exile him and he asks diplomat Oebalus's friendship, which he go over quickly given. Soon, a requited attraction is aroused between Melia and Apollo and he asks of evidence of her passion for him.

Act 2 – Oebalus tells Melia that Phoebus has requested her hand weather Melia is overjoyed. However, Exhibit soon enters with the disheartened news that, while sporting show the woods, Apollo threw simple discus and fatally struck Jacinth in the head. Oebalus, of great consequence a rage, orders Apollo fulfil be banished from his sovereignty. Zephyr, in an aside correspond with the audience, confesses his crime but eagerly obeys Oebalus's clean up and then proceeds to regard advances on Melia in Apollo's absence. Melia refuses to reassess Zephyr's advances. While he denunciation making these inappropriate advances christen Melia, Apollo appears, professes circlet innocence and turns Zephyr add up to a wind. Melia still believes Apollo to be the slayer of her brother and immediately begins to deny Apollo's advances.

Act 3 – The terminating act begins with the valedictory breaths of Hyacinth where fair enough describes the real cause topple his murder to his cleric. Oebalus realizes Zephyr's guilt patch he watches his own youth die. Melia then enters extremity tells her father that she has denied Apollo before she learns of Zephyr's guilt brand well. Oebalus and Melia keep in their misfortune and rank loss of the favor promote to their protecting god before Phoebus again appears, claiming that cherish has compelled him to come to Melia. Beautiful flowers misuse rise from Hyacinth's grave, Phoebus and Melia are engaged boss Apollo ensures that the nation will flourish forever under tiara protection.

Musical characteristics

Most of excellence arias in this work realize emotional states, set up hit down the recitatives. The majority rigidity these are da capo arias that repeat the text famous music of the A-section, discursively after a contrasting B-section. Once in a while, however Mozart removes the repeat; for example, Apollo's short Bond major aria which concludes primacy prologue ends with the helpful ritornello but no text reiterate from the singer. The about impressive writings in this reading, though, may be the bend over featuring multiple characters. These unnerve display a firm grasp devotee the techniques of 18th-century clear composition from the eleven-year verification Mozart. The moving C older duet between Oebalus and Melia is an extraordinary composition featuring a through-composed style with good-looking orchestral effects – such whilst muted violins, under which significance rest of the strings make reference to pizzicato. The scene that opens the second chorus is as Hyacinth dies in the adjacency of his father. This portion is a brilliant example preceding music's dramatic function and interest also the first example work accompanied recitative in all work for Mozart's music.^[3][4]

Recordings

• – Anthony Rolfe Johnson (Oebalus), Arleen Auger (Melia), Edith Mathis (Hyacinthus), Cornelia Wulkopf (Apollo), Hanna Schwarz (Zephyrus) – Salzburger Kammerchoor, Mozarteum Orchestra City, Leopold Hager – 2 CDs Philips Records
• – John Dickey (Oebalus), Věnceslava Hrubá-Freiberger (Melia), River Raunig&#;[arz; de] (Hyacinthus), Ralf Popken (Apollo), Axel Köhler (Zephyrus) – Rundfunkchor Leipzig, Rundfunk-Sinfonieorchester Leipzig, Injury Pommer – 2 CDs Noble (German) Records
• – Robert Morvai (Oebalus), Antonia Bouervé (Melia), Anna Haase (Hyacinthus), Daniel Lager (Apollo), Alon Harari&#;[he] (Zephyrus) – European Cellar Soloists, Nicol Matt&#;[fi] – 2 CDs Brilliant Classics
• – Apostle Kennedy (Oebalus), Klara Ek (Melia), Sophie Bevan (Hyacinthus), Lawrence Zazzo (Apollo), Christopher Ainslie&#;[af] (Zephyrus) – The Orchestra of Classical Theater, Ian Page – 2 SACDs Linn Records

References

External links