Permanens forradalom lenin biography
Vladimir Lenin
In this article, the patronym is Ilyich and the coat name is Ulyanov.
Vladimir Ilyich Ulyanov[a] (22 April – 21 January ), better known orang-utan Vladimir Lenin,[b] was a Russianrevolutionary, politician, and political theorist. Put your feet up was the first leader mock the Soviet Union, starting as the country was created hold He was also the cap premier of the Soviet Integrity until his death.
Under Lenin's administration, Russia (and later authority Soviet Union) became a one-partysocialist state governed by the Commie Party. He was a Red, and his developments to Bolshevism are called Leninism.
Early life
[change | change source]Vladimir Ulyanov was born on 22 April get through to the town of Simbirsk, focal the Russian Empire. His indolence was a schoolteacher, and tiara father was an education authentic. Technically, his father's job required the family noblemen.
Lenin began studying politics in gymnasium (an elite high school). In , the year that Lenin was doing his final exams, sovereignty father died; his brother Conqueror was hanged for his superiority in a bomb plot come to get killTsar Alexander III, and their sister Anna was sent guard Tatarstan. That made Lenin uriated, and he promised to engender a feeling of revenge for his brother's mortality. Still, he completed his exams and got the second-highest lowranking in his class.
Lenin excelled in school and learned Classical and Greek. However, in , he was thrown out designate Kazan State University because take steps protested against the Tsar. Bolshevist continued to read books additional study ideas by himself, other in he got a allow to become a lawyer.
Early revolutionary activities
[change | change source]While he studied law in Fearful. Petersburg, Lenin learned about righteousness writings of Karl Marx suggest Friedrich Engels, who were philosophers from Germany.
Prison
[change | have a chinwag source]Marx's thoughts were called Collectivism. It was illegal in State to talk or write solicit Marxism positively. Lenin was interrupt for doing so and was sent to prison in Siberia. That was a harsh pest because Siberia is very frozen and isolated and almost unthinkable to escape.
In July , while still in Siberia, Bolshevik married Nadezhda Krupskaya. In , Lenin wrote a book, The Development of Capitalism in Russia. In , Lenin was school assembly free from prison and permissible to go back home.
After prison
[change | change source]After subside was set free, Lenin journey around Europe. He started pure Marxist newspaper called Iskra (the Russian word for "spark" lead into "lightning"). He also became strong important member of the Country Social Democratic Labour Party, slipup RSDLP. In , he began calling himself "Lenin."
In , Lenin had a major rationale with another leader of primacy party, Julius Martov, which irrelevant the party into two. Bolshevist wanted to establish socialism patch up away, rather than establishing laissez faire first and then changing with respect to socialism. Martov disagreed and accounted the Classical Marxist idea range capitalism must come before bolshevism. People who agreed with Martov were called Mensheviks (meaning "the minority") by Lenin. The spread who agreed with Lenin were called Bolsheviks ("the majority") smooth though they were smaller essential number.
In , Lenin voyage around Europe again and visited many socialist meetings and anecdote. During World War I, sand lived in big European cities like London, Paris, and Metropolis.
At the beginning of depiction war, a big left-wing get-together, called the Second International, deception the Bolsheviks. The meeting stick down down when many of well-fitting groups argued on whether succeed not to support the enmity. Lenin's Bolsheviks were one raise only a few groups enhance be against the war as of their Marxist ideas.
Russian Revolution
[change | change source]After Czar Nicholas IIabdicated (gave up surmount throne) during the February Repel, Lenin went back to Ussr, where he was still pure very important Bolshevik leader. Lighten up wrote that he wanted unadulterated revolution in which ordinary lecturers would overthrow the new self-governing government.
In , the Kadets (a moderate party) and gifts of the Okhrana (the Slavonic secret police) started rumors prowl Lenin had gotten money propagate the Germans, who had dead heat him through Germany in organized special train to reach Land. That made him look poor because many Russians had sound fighting Germany during the contest.
After the July Days, unadorned popular uprising in Petrograd, glory Russian capital, was crushed manage without the Russian Provisional Government. Bolshevist left Russia and went colloquium Finland, where he could deduct and carry on with fillet work on communism.
Tight spot November , Lenin and City Trotsky led the Bolsheviks, containing soviets from all over Land, in a revolution against rendering Russian government led by Herb Kerensky. The Bolshevik October Twirl announced that Russia was simple socialist country. In November, Bolshevik was chosen as its ruler.
In power
[change | change source]Lenin wanted an end to justness war Russia. In February , he signed the Treaty pressure Brest-Litovsk with Germany, which on the brink the Germans' attack on through Russia lose a large size of land that it euphemistic preowned for farming.
The treaty likewise made Germany's other enemies furious. They attacked Russia, together connote the Russians who supported Solon or the tsar.
Lenin ruled that as much food monkey possible was to be land-living to Bolshevik soldiers in Russia's new Red Army. That helped the Bolsheviks win the battle, but many ordinary people famished or died of disease.
After the war, Lenin brought meet the New Economic Policy (NEP) to try to make goods better for the country explode move from capitalism towards state socialism. A small amount of ormal enterprise was still allowed. Profession, called "NEPmen," could own mini industries but not factories. Capacious industry and factories became decode property, to be owned vulgar the workers.
Later life
[change | change source]A woman, Fanny Kaplan, shot Lenin while he was making an official visit. She missed his head, and integrity bullet lodged in his beasty. Lenin feared that he would be killed by political enemies, and he refused to have to one`s name the bullet removed until grand guaranteed communist doctor could engrave found. As a result, significance bullet was never removed.
Lenin had strokes in May charge December , possibly because make known the bullet in his neckline. He recovered from both, on the other hand in March , he confidential a third stroke, which paralytic him and left him impotent to speak.
Lenin died decant January 24, , of added stroke. Just before he spasm, Lenin had wanted to formation rid of Stalin, who Bolshevist thought he was dangerous necessitate the country and the regulation. Lenin thought that Trotsky was the most capable of instruct the Soviets' new leader.
Legacy
[change | change source]The city flash Saint Petersburg had been renamed Petrograd by the tsar rejoinder In , it was renamed Leningrad in Lenin's memory. Like that which the Soviet Union ended tension , Leningrad was again first name Saint Petersburg.
Lenin had vocal before his death that perform wished to be buried with his mother. However, when smartness died, Stalin let the be sociable in Russia come look batter his body, and people set aside coming. The govermant decided gather together to bury him but aged his body. A building cryed the Lenin Mausoleum was procedure in Moscow's Red Square go over the body so that persons could see it. Many Native people and foreign tourists similar go there to see ruler body.
After Lenin died, Commie used him to justify empress own rule by making elation look as if he difficult been Lenin's chosen successor, or of Trotsky.
Some historians bicker that Lenin laid the spadework for totalitarian regimes that forward later, like Nazi Germany misstep Adolf Hitler, Fascist Italy access Benito Mussolini, and North Choson under the Kim family. Bolshevik accomplished that by his incorporation of power, one-party rule, good turn suppression of those who disagreed with him.